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Volume 6, Issue 8 (Suppl) J Nutr Food Sci
ISSN:2155-9600 JNFS, an open access journal Clinical Nutrition 2016
December 08-10, 2016
December 08-10, 2016 Dubai, UAE
8th International Conference on
Clinical Nutrition
The relation of mini nutritional screening score, subjective global assessment of nutrition and pneumonia
severity index in elderly patients diagnosed with community acquired pneumonia admitted at Cardinal
Santos Medical Center: An observational, analytical and cross sectional study
Marco Angelo D Tongo and Rosa Allyn Sy
Cardinal Santos Medical Center, Philippines
Introduction & Aim: Community acquired pneumonia is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among the Filipino
elderly community hence, the pneumonia severity index was developed to determine a patient’s probability of mortality and
morbidity. Nutrition, on the other hand, is one of the most neglected yet significant aspects in the initial evaluation of elderly patients
with community acquired pneumonia, despite the availability of nutrition assessment tools such as the subjective global assessment of
nutrition and mini nutritional screening score. This study, hence, aims to determine the relation of the subjective global assessment of
nutrition status and mini nutritional screening score with the pneumonia severity index among elderly individuals with community
acquired pneumonia admitted in Cardinal Santos Medical Center.
Methods: This is an observational, analytical and cross sectional study whose target population are the elderly patients of Cardinal
Santos Medical Center diagnosed with community acquired pneumonia. The study was conducted among elderly patients, aged 60
years and above, diagnosed with community acquired pneumonia, admitted in Cardinal Santos Medical Center during the period of
August to September 2015. Upon admission, the pneumonia severity index, mini nutritional screening score and subjective global
assessment grade is determined. Data collected were then subsequently run in Open Epi ver. 3.03a for statistical analysis. Means,
frequency distribution and odds ratio were done for statistical analysis.
Results:A total of 106 patients were included in the study. Using the subjective global assessment, patients classified as beingmoderately
to severely malnourished have 19 times greater odds to develop intermediate risk pneumonia (p<0.05) and 64 times greater odds to
develop high risk pneumonia (p<0.05). Patients, who were stratified as being at risk for malnutrition and being malnourished using
the mini nutritional screening score has 10 times greater odds of developing intermediate risk pneumonia (p<0.05) and 100 times
greater odds of developing high risk pneumonia (p<0.05). Patients classified as being underweight using body mass index, however,
did not correlate significantly with determining the odds of developing intermediate or high risk pneumonia (p>0.05). Although calf
circumference of <31 cm did not significantly determine the odds of developing intermediate risk pneumonia, there was evidence
that this increased the odds of developing high risk pneumonia by 10 times.
Conclusion: Elderly patients, of at least 60 years of age, diagnosed with community acquired pneumonia have a higher risk for
malnutrition as the disease becomes more severe. Nutrition assessment tools, including the subjective global assessment of nutrition
and the mini nutrition screening scores can be used in determining clinical outcome of elderly patients. The use of body mass index,
may aid in predicting morbidity and mortality if correlated with other components of nutrition assessment tools. However, body mass
index alone, did not yield a statistically significant relation to pneumonia severity. Calf circumference, on the other hand was able to
yield statistically significant odds in determining high risk pneumonia.
Biography
Marco Angelo D Tongo is currently a Medical Resident at the Department of Internal Medicine in Cardinal Santos Medical Center in the Philippines. He has
completed his Medical School at the University of Santo Tomas, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery and Pre-Medicine Course at University of the Philippines.
Marco Angelo D Tongo et al., J Nutr Food Sci 2016, 6:8 (Suppl)