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Journal of Gastrointestinal & Digestive System | ISSN: 2161-069X | Volume 8
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
14
th
International Conference on
August 29-30, 2018 | Toronto, Canada
Hepatotoxicity and related risk factors of severe hepatotoxicity among HIV-1 infected individuals
initiated on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Cameroon
Lem Edith Abongwa
1,2,3
, Anthony KebiraNyamache
2
, Fokunang Charles
4
, Judith Torimiro
3,4
, Nshom Emmanuel
5
, Irénée Domkam
3
and
Paul Okemo
2
1
University of Bamenda, Cameroon
2
Kenyatta University, Kenya
3
Chantal Biya International Center for Research on the Prevention and Management of HIV/AIDS, Cameroon
4
University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon
5
Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Board, Mbingo Baptist Hospital, Cameroon
Aim:
Hepatotoxicity due to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has gained prominent attention since it can be
affected by many factors. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatotoxicity and related risk factors for
severe hepatotoxicity following HAART initiation.
Methods:
One hundred naive HIV-1 patients were recruited and followed up for 24 weeks. They were placed on either
Tenofovir(TDF) + Lamivudine(3TC) + Efavirenz(EFV) or Zidovudine(AZT) + Lamivudine +Nevirapine(NVP) or Zidovudine
+ Lamivudine + Efavirenz regimen. Venous blood samples were collected to measure trans-aminotransferases (ALT and AST)
and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), using colorimetric enzymatic reaction which was used to classified hepatotoxicity based on
age and sex.
Results:
A total of 38(38%) and 55(55%) patients presented with hepatotoxicity while 15% and 28% of patients of them had
severe hepatotoxicity at 4 and 24 weeks respectively. Serum levels of all enzymes increased significantly (p<0.05) with increased
treatment duration. Univariate analysis revealed that the risk factor of developing severe hepatotoxicity was significantly
(p<0.05) greater in patients <30years, males, low BMI, low monthly income earners and patient on AZT+3TC+ NVP regimen.
While multivariate analysis showed that age <30 years, Low BMI, low monthly income and the use of AZT+3TC+NVP was an
independent risk factor.
Conclusions:
Low BMI, <30years, low monthly income and the use of AZT+3TC+NVP regimen were identifiable risk factors
for the development of severe hepatotoxicity. As such these factors should be considered as an important strategy by clinicians
in preventing the hepatotoxicity.
Biography
Lem Edith Abongwa a Medical Microbiologist is an assistant lecturer of the University of Bamenda and a PhD student in Kenyatta University. Her interest is on
HIV and Hepatitis B virus. She is interested in the identification and assessment of risk factors that expose communities to these infections and possible solutions
to prevent and control them as well as parasite strain diversity and severity to infectious infection. Prior to medical research, she was the head, a public health
non-governmental organization assessing the implementation of Option B+ in two regions of Cameroon sponsored by a PEPFAR HIV/AIDS project in Cameroon
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Bamenda, PO Box 39,Bambili, NW The region, Cameroon.
lemedith19@gmail.comLem Edith Abongwa et al., J Gastrointest Dig Syst 2018, Volume 8
DOI: 10.4172/2161-069X-C6-080