Toxicology Journals

Description of the country:

Russia is the largest country in the world and is located in northeastern Europe and northern Asia. Russia, a sovereign state in northern Eurasia and is a federal semi-presidential republic Country It is the world's first constitutionally socialist state.

Geography of the country:

Russia has a wide natural resource base, including major deposits of timber, petroleum, natural gas, coal, ores and other mineral resources. Russia consists of vast stretches of plains in South and thick forest in the north, mountain ranges in the south. Russia is one of the world's largest surface water resources with 120,000 rivers and inland water bodies. Kamchatka Peninsula is the highest active volcano in Eurasia.

Status of economy, research and development:

Russia has a high-income economy. It has a big sophisticated arms industry which is capable of designing and manufacturing high-tech military equipment. Russian ruble is the unit of currency of the Russian Federation. Russia breaks into top 5 world economies in the world. Gipronickel Institute, located in St. Petersburg, Russia, is one of the largest research and project development organizations in the Russian non-ferrous metal industry which includes mining and metallurgical complexes, chemical plants, concentrators and sinter plants.

Status about the different subjects in which extensive research is going on:

In Physics, Medicine, Literature and Chemistry, Russia produced 27 Nobel laureates so far. Numerous toxicology journals are published from Russia with good reputation. Toxicological studies were pursued more intensively at the Military Medical Surgical Academy in St. Petersburg. The science of toxicology in Russia had its origin in forensic medicine and pharmacology. The most authoritative school in military toxicology emerged in St.Petersburg and two other prominent schools in military toxicology were founded n Moscow and in Kiev. Important achievement of Russian toxicology was the principle of natural detoxification which emerged from biochemical toxicology. Natural detoxification was considered the basis of adaptation and compensation mechanisms exhibited by organisms exposed to chemicals.