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Journal of Clinical & Experimental Pathology
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  • Mini Review   
  • J Clin Exp Pathol,

Triple Negative Breast Cancer in Southeast Nigeria: A Review of 149 Cases; What is New?

Nzegwu Martin Arinzechukwu1*, Uzoigwe Joseph1, Babatunde Omotowo2, Nwokoro Onyekachi1, Nnamani Sunday1, Enemuo Vincent C3, Sule Emmanuel4, Nzegwu Victor Ifeanyichukwu5, Nzegwu Christie Okhen1, Nwoye Ogochukwu1, Aniume Onyekachi1, Edeh Anthony6, Ozumba B C7, Oruamade Isioma1 and Okwulehi Vincent3
1Department of Morbid Anatomy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
2Department of Community Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
3Department of Surgery, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
4Department of Surgery, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria
5Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
6Department of Surgery, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
7Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
*Corresponding Author : Nzegwu Martin Arinzechukwu, Department of Morbid Anatomy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, Tel: +2348065671927, Email: martin_nze@yahoo.com

Received Date: Nov 29, 2021 / Accepted Date: Dec 13, 2021 / Published Date: Dec 20, 2021

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) and its features. Second highlight what is new and applicable in our setting.

Material and methods: Data of all immunohistochemical typed blocks for breast cancer was pulled and only those negative for Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PgR) and Her 2 Neuro Receptor (HER-2) amplification were used.

Results: Of 417 breast specimens in 3-years with ER negative, PgR negative and Her-2 amplification negative, 149 (35.7%) were TNBC. 143 were females 96% and 6 were males 4%. Median age was in the 31-40 years. Most presented at a late stage as in many other cases 48 (32% presenting at stage 4 while 47 (31.5%) presented at stage 3, 43 (29%) had no clear records so were marked as unknown. Treatment applied was taxane combination chemotherapy, surgery and radiation. Baseline survival data after 5 years stood at 63.5% for stage 2, 59% for stage 3. No stage 4 was seen after 5 years follow up.

Conclusion: Most presented late at stage 3 or 4 as premenopausal and survival was poor at 59% of stage 3. Literature suggests some will benefit from tamoxifen despite TNBC status if they have TP53 mutation.

Keywords: ESR1-negative breast cancer; Triple-negative breast cancer; Luminal tumors; Breast cancer; Treatment; Chemotherapy

Citation: Arinzechukwu NM, Joseph U, Omotowo B, Onyekachi N, Sunday N, et al. (2021) Triple Negative Breast Cancer in Southeast Nigeria: A Review of 149 Cases; What is New? J Clin Exp Pathol S14:002.

Copyright: © 2021 Arinzechukwu NM, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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