Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical role of cytokine storms in disease severity, prompting intensive research into therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating these hyperinflammatory responses. This review explores current approaches and future directions in targeting cytokine storms in COVID-19, emphasizing immunomodulatory agents, targeted cytokine inhibitors, and emerging innovations. Challenges and opportunities in optimizing treatment protocols and understanding the immunopathology of cytokine storms are discussed, alongside potential implications for improving patient outcomes and global health resilience