ISSN: 2155-6199

Journal of Bioremediation & Biodegradation
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  • Review Article   
  • J Bioremediat Biodegrad 9:432,
  • DOI: 10.4172/2155-6199.1000432

Methanotrophs: The Natural Way to Tackle Greenhouse Effect

Hadiqa Aimen*, Areej Sohail Khan and Nayab Kanwal
Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
*Corresponding Author : Hadiqa Aimen, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Tel: 251913771309, Email: hadiqaimen@gmail.com

Received Date: Jan 22, 2018 / Accepted Date: Feb 15, 2018 / Published Date: Feb 19, 2018

Abstract

Methane is considered as an important greenhouse gas which produced from a wide range of anthropogenic and natural sources. It plays a key role in global warming. Capturing and disposal of methane is technically both costly and problematic. A low-cost alternate to the conventional methods is the microbial oxidation of methane. Methanotrophs are the type of bacteria that aerobically oxidize methane as a source of energy through their key enzyme, monooxygenase (MMO), especially the soluble MMO, it is noteworthy in its broad substrate specificity. This exceptional capability, i.e., catalyzing reactions of environmental importance, has owned methanotrophs attention from applied microbiologists and biotechnologist. From about 30 years, it is observed that copper (Cu) is playing an important role in the physiology and activity of methanotrophs, but the discovery of how Cu collect by these cells, more importantly what is the role Cu playing in CH4 oxidation by the particulate CH4 monooxygenase and how Cu affects the ability of methanotrophs to oxidize different substrates has been made. In this review we summarize the morphology, phylogeny, ecology, and possible applications of methanotrophs to address the global as well as regional issues, along with the role of gene expression regulation by Cu and how it affects the cell activity of methane-oxidizing bacteria. Our focus was on two main aspects of potential value and application of methanotrophs in environmental bioremediation, namely physiology along with working of methanotrophs and methane removal from atmosphere.

Keywords: Methanotrophs; Mono-oxygenase (MMO); Methane; Greenhouse effect; Methanobactins

Citation: Aimen H, Khan AS, Kanwal N (2018) Methanotrophs: The Natural Way to Tackle Greenhouse Effect. J Bioremediat Biodegrad 9: 432. Doi: 10.4172/2155-6199.1000432

Copyright: © 2018 Aimen H, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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