Abstract

Herpes encephalitis (HE) is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 or type 2. This review article explores the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and current research trends in HE. The disease’s clinical presentation, epidemiology, and risk factors are discussed, along with diagnostic modalities and differential diagnoses. The standard treatment options, including antiviral therapy and adjunctive measures, are presented. Additionally, emerging therapeutic strategies and ongoing research efforts are explored to provide insights into potential future directions for managing this devastating neurological disorder.