ISSN: 2576-3881

Journal of Cytokine Biology
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  • Commentary   
  • J Cytokine Biol 2016, Vol 1(1): 105
  • DOI: 10.4172/2576-3881.1000105

Critical Role for Inflammatory Macrophages in Driving Antigen-dependent Th17Cell Responses?

Christina E Arnold, Robert N Barker and Heather M Wilson*
School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
*Corresponding Author : Heather M Wilson, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK, Tel: +441224 437350, Fax: +441224 437348, Email: h.m.wilson@abdn.ac.uk

Received Date: Mar 04, 2016 / Accepted Date: Mar 31, 2016 / Published Date: Apr 05, 2016

Abstract

Macrophages are heterogeneous cells with diverse phenotypes and sometimes opposing functions. These activities are dictated by activating stimuli in their microenvironment. For example, it is well described how CD4 + T helper (Th) cell-derived cytokines result in different macrophage-activation states. However, much less is known on how differentially-activated macrophages, presenting antigen, can drive the major types of CD4 + Th subpopulations, especially in human systems. Many studies have focussed on dendritic cells as the major antigen-presenting cell shaping T cell responses or on murine macrophage-secreted cytokines in the presence of mitogenic-stimuli, such as CD3/CD28, to induce Th polarization. Recent literature is, however, providing evidence that activated antigen- presenting macrophages can be as efficient as dendritic cells in polarising Th cells, especially Th17, and whilst both these cell types co-exist within inflamed tissue, macrophages are more abundant. The bias towards polarization of particular T cell subsets is strongly dependent on the activation state of macrophages. The concept of targeting macrophages to downregulate inflammatory responses may therefore have further reaching consequences by also abrogating pathogenic Th cells in autoimmune or inflammatory diseases.

Citation: Arnold CE, Barker RN, Wilson HM (2016) Critical Role for Inflammatory Macrophages in Driving Antigen-dependent Th17 Cell Responses?. J Cytokine Biol 1: 105. Doi: 10.4172/2576-3881.1000105

Copyright: © Arnold CE, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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