Abstract

Waste degradation is a critical aspect of modern environmental management, addressing the challenges posed by increasing waste volumes and their detrimental impacts on ecosystems. This comprehensive review article surveys recent advancements in waste degradation techniques across diverse waste categories. The review encompasses biological, chemical, and technological methods, examining their mechanisms, efficacy, and environmental implications. Furthermore, it explores the integration of sustainable practices and emerging technologies to foster efficient and eco-friendly waste management strategies. This review aims to offer a holistic understanding of contemporary waste degradation approaches and their potential for addressing the global waste crisis while prioritizing environmental sustainability