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Description of the Country:
Saudi Arabia is a desert country encompassing most of the Arabian Peninsula, with Red Sea and Persian (Arabian) Gulf coastlines. Known as the birthplace of Islam, it’s home to the religion’s 2 most sacred mosques: Masjid al-Haram, in Mecca, destination of the annual Hajj pilgrimage, and Medina’s Masjid an-Nabawi, burial site of the prophet Muhammad. Riyadh, the capital, is a skyscraper-filled metropolis.
Geography of the Country:
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a country situated in Southwest Asia, the largest country of Arabia, bordering the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, north of Yemen. Its extensive coastlines on the Persian Gulf and Red Sea provide great leverage on shipping (especially crude oil) through the Persian Gulf and Suez Canal. The kingdom occupies 80% of the Arabian Peninsula.
Status of Economy:
Saudi Arabia has an oil-based economy with strong government control over major economic activities. Saudi Arabia possesses 18% of the world's proven petroleum reserves, ranks as the largest exporter of petroleum, and played a leading role in OPEC for many years. The petroleum sector accounts for almost all of Saudi government revenues, and export earnings. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has given special consideration to scientific research in the main policies of its Eighth Development Plan in order to promote scientific innovation, as well as develop universities and other research and development centers.
Research and Development:
The Noble Prize is awarded to the people mostly related to Physics, Medicine, Chemistry, Literature and Peace; this nation has not produced Nobel laureates so far, but 2 people acted as nominators. Saudi Arabia has established infrastructure for advanced medical research. Medical Research and Development monitors the funding and integration of the R & D related to medical sciences in the country. Alfaisal University in Riyadh is the leading Institution in medical research in Saudi Arabia. Numerous medical journals are published from Saudi Arabia with good reputation.