Journal of Pituitary Research & Treatment
Open Access

Journal of Pituitary Research & Treatment is a peer reviewed journal that publishes research advancements to understand the disorders that may affect the pituitary glands by including broad areas in this field, including Pituitary adenoma, Pituitary gland tumor signs Pituitary tumor mass, Pituitary gland headaches, Pituitary gland ct scan, Pituitary gland disorders, Pituitaryapoplexy, and Pituitary adrenal system.

The journal also offers therapeutic solutions to the disorders by encouraging original research in the related areas like Hypothalamic pituitary disease, Transsphenoidal pituitary surgery, Anaesthesia for pituitary surgery, Pituitary tumors, Hypopituitarism, Pituitary neoplasms Pituitary pathology, Neurological pituitary, Hyperprolactinemia pituitary, Acromegaly pituitary, Pituitary microincidentalomas, Pituitary macroincidenralomas, Pituitary cists, Pituitary thyroid axis, Pituitary adrenal axis, Pituitary gonadal axis, Prolactinomas pituitary, Micro adenomas pituitary, and Macro adenomas pituitary.

It invites original manuscripts in the form of research article, review article, short communication, case report, letter-to-the-Editor and Editorials for publication. All the published articles can be open to all online, without any subscription charges.

The journal operates Editorial Manager System for online manuscript submission, review and publication in an automated way. Experts in the field of Pituitary Research & Treatment review the manuscripts under the guidance of Editor-in-Chief. Approval of at least two independent reviewers and the editor is mandatory for the acceptance of the manuscript for publication.

ACROMEGALY

Acromegaly is a rare but serious condition caused by too much growth hormone (GH) in the blood. GH is released into the bloodstream by the pituitary gland, located at the base of the brain. The blood carries GH to other parts of the body where it has specific effects. In children, GH stimulates growth and development. In adults, GH affects energy levels, muscle strength, bone health, and one’s sense of well-being. Too much GH in children is called gigantism and is extremelyrare. Acromegaly in adults occurs mainly in middle-aged men and women.

CUSHING'S SYNDROME

Cushing’s syndrome consists of the physical and mental changes that result from having too much cortisol in the blood for a long period of time. Cortisol is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands, located above the kidneys. In normal amounts, cortisol helps the body

HYPOTHYROIDISM

Hypothyroidism is a condition where your thyroid gland does not make enough thyroid hormone. Low levels of thyroid hormone interfere with the body’s ability to perform normal metabolic functions such as efficient use of energy from food products, regulation of many chemical reactions in the body, and maintenance of healthy cells, bones and muscles, to name a few.

HYPOGONADISM

Hypogonadism occurs when your sex glands produce little or no sex hormones. The sex glands, also called gonads, are primarily the testes in men and the ovaries in women. Sex hormones help control secondary sex characteristics, such as breast development in women, testicular development in men, and pubic hair growth. Sex hormones also play a role in the menstrual cycle and sperm production.

HYPOPITUITARISM

Hypopituitarism (also called pituitary insufficiency) is a rare condition in which your pituitary gland doesn’t make enough of certain hormones. Your body can’t work properly when important glands, such as your thyroid gland and adrenal gland, don’t get the hormones they need from your pituitary gland.

DIABETES INSIPIDUS

Diabetes insipidus, also called DI, is a rare condition that leads to frequent urination (passing a lot of clear urine) and excessive thirst. The condition may be caused by problems with your pituitary gland and/or your kidneys.

Brain Injury

Traumatic brain injury, also called TBI, is sudden damage to the brain. It happens when the head hits something violently or is hit again and again, or when an object goes through the skull and into the brain. Causes include

Growth Hormone Deficiency

GHD occurs in roughly 1 in 7,000 births. The condition is also a symptom of several genetic diseases, including Turner syndrome and Prader-Willi syndrome. You may grow concerned if your child is not meeting height and weight growth standards. Growth hormone deficiency is treatable. Children who are diagnosed early often recover very well. If left untreated, the condition can result in shorter-than-average height and delayed puberty. Your body still needs growth hormone after you’ve finished puberty. Once you’re in adulthood, the growth hormone maintains your body structure and metabolism. Adults can also develop GHD, but it isn’t as common.

Pituitary Incidentaloma

Since the lesions are found by chance, most of them have not caused symptoms. Most incidentalomas grow slowly and will not grow to the extent that they cause problems. That is why doctors needed guidelines for testing and treatment of patients with these lesions. When symptoms do occur from an incidentaloma, they depend on whether the cause is pressure of the lesion (mass effect) or hormone changes (too many or too few hormones).

Hyperprolactinema

Hyperprolactinemia is the name for higher-than-normal blood levels of the hormone prolactin. This hormone is made by the pituitary gland, which is located at the base of the brain. The main function of prolactin is to stimulate breast milk production after childbirth. High prolactin levels are normal during pregnancy and breastfeeding. In other cases, prolactin can become too high because of a disease or the use of certain medications. Often, the cause is a prolactin-making tumor on the pituitary gland, called a prolactinoma. This tumor is almost always benign, meaning not cancerous. It is more common in women than men. Rarely, children and adolescents develop prolactinomas. Other brain tumors may also cause the pituitary gland to make too much prolactin.

Idiopathic hyperprolactinemia

Sometimes doctors cannot find a cause for hyperprolactinemia. This is called idiopathic. In some patients with idiopathic hyperprolactinemia, the high prolactin levels return to normal on their own. If this does not happen within a few months, symptomatic patients often receive treatment with cabergoline or bromocriptine.

Pituitary Tumors

Pituitary tumors are abnormal growths that develop in your pituitary gland. Some pituitary tumors result in too many of the hormones that regulate important functions of your body. Some pituitary tumors can cause your pituitary gland to produce lower levels of hormones. Most pituitary tumors are noncancerous (benign) growths (adenomas). Adenomas remain in your pituitary gland or surrounding tissues and don't spread to other parts of your body.

Pituitary Adenomas

The symptoms that pituitary adenomas produce depend upon several factors, including whether the tumors are hormone-producing or clinically nonfunctioning.

• Hormone-producing pituitary adenomas release an active hormone in excessive amounts into the bloodstream. Patients usually experience symptoms related to the hormone action on the body.

• Clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas typically cause problems related to the size of the tumor, which pushes on surrounding brain structures. Large pituitary tumors can compress the optic chiasm, the crossing point of the optic nerves, leading to vision loss. o Large pituitary tumors can also compress the normal pituitary gland and cause pituitary failure. This is why is it important to obtain a comprehensive evaluation of pituitary function if a pituitary tumor is diagnosed. Hormone-producing pituitary tumors can also grow to large sizes, causing the same problems described above in addition to the hormone-related effects.