Abstract

Viral infections constitute a significant global health challenge, impacting millions of individuals annually and posing a continuous threat to public health. This abstract provides an overview of the dynamic interplay between viruses and their hosts, emphasizing the multifaceted nature of viral infections and the ongoing efforts to comprehend, prevent, and manage these complex biological interactions Viruses, being obligated intracellular parasites, exploit host cellular machinery to replicate and propagate. The intricate dance between viral and host factors determine the outcome of infection, ranging from asymptomatic carriage to severe disease manifestations. Key aspects of viral infections include viral entry mechanisms, evasion of host immune responses, and the establishment of persistent infections.