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UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS Characterization of Phenolics from Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata (Hawthorn) Leaves, Fruits and their Herbal Derived Drops (Crataegutt Tropfen)
Mohamed Gamaleldin Elsadig Karar and Nikolai Kuhnert*
Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 8, 28759 Bremen, Germany
- *Corresponding Author:
- Nikolai Kuhnert
Department of Life Science and Chemistry
Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 8, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Tel: 49 421 200 3120
Fax: 49 421 200 3229
E-mail: n.kuhnert@jacobs-university.de
Received date: September 17, 2015; Accepted date: November 03, 2015; Published date: November 10, 2015
Citation: Karar MGE, Kuhnert N (2015) UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS Characterization of Phenolics from Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata (Hawthorn) Leaves, Fruits and their Herbal Derived Drops (Crataegutt Tropfen). J Chem Biol Ther 1:102. doi: 10.4172/2572-0406.1000102
Copyright: © 2015 Karar MGE, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Crataegus species are medicinal plants naturally growing in Europe, Asia and the north of Africa. The plant extracts have been used for a long time in traditional medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Many natural health product, including tablets, teas, and aqueous extracts are made from Crataegus species. These products are currently marketed as an alternative therapy for New York Heart Association (NYHA I-III) heart failure. But further studies suggested the use of the plant extracts for various other cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, arrhythmia and angina. Thus, due to the important role that hawthorn plays in medicine and human health, we have investigated qualitatively the phytoconstituents of C. monogyna and C. laevigata, leaves, fruits and their herbal derived drops (Crataegutt Tropfen) using UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS and HPLC-ESI-MSn. A total of 113 compounds were identified, characterized or tentatively assigned on the basis of their accurate mass data generated by Q-TOF-MS, MS/MS, MSn fragmentation patterns, retention behaviors, or by comparison with commercial reference standards and literature data. The identified constituents belonged to chlorogenic acids, phenolic acids, proanthocyanidins, flavonoid glycosides, flavonoid aglycones and derivatives, and other compounds. To our knowledge 63 of the identified phytoconstituents were not reported previously in Crataegus species and two of them for the first time in nature. Additionally, it is important to highlight that this is the first comprehensive study of the bioactive phenolic compounds of C. monogyna and C. laevigata, leaves, fruits and the herbal derived drops (Crataegutt Tropfen).
