Abstract

RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) has emerged as a transformative technology in genomic research, offering unparalleled insights into the transcriptome of cells and tissues. By providing a comprehensive and high-resolution view of gene expression, alternative splicing, and non-coding RNA profiles, RNA-Seq has significantly advanced our understanding of gene regulation and disease mechanisms. This article explores the core principles of RNA-Seq, recent technological advancements, and its wide-ranging applications in both research and clinical settings. Highlighting its role in uncovering novel biomarkers, elucidating disease pathways, and facilitating personalized medicine, the article also addresses current challenges and future directions in RNA-Seq. As the technology continues to evolve, RNA-Seq promises to drive further innovations in genomics and therapeutic development.