Abstract

This comprehensive study explores the intricate dynamics of xenobiotics and their profound implications for human and animal health. Xenobiotics, encompassing a diverse range of synthetic and naturally occurring chemicals, pervade our environments through air, water, food, and everyday products. This investigation delves into the routes of exposure, examining the cumulative impact of xenobiotics on biological systems. Chronic exposure is linked to a spectrum of health issues, including respiratory problems, neurotoxicity, endocrine disruption, and carcinogenesis. The study also highlights the parallel threats posed to animal health, with a focus on bioaccumulation and its consequences for ecosystems. The challenges in regulating and monitoring xenobiotics are discussed, emphasizing the need for proactive strategies to mitigate the hidden threats to human and animal well-being.