Abstract

Executive dysfunction is a multifaceted cognitive phenomenon with far-reaching implications for individuals across various contexts. This article delves into the nuanced nature of executive dysfunction, shedding light on its diverse manifestations and impacts. Drawing from research on conditions like ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative diseases, we explore how executive dysfunction disrupts crucial cognitive processes such as inhibition, working memory, and task switching. The article underscores the profound influence of executive dysfunction on daily functioning, relationships, academic or professional achievements, and emotional well-being. It highlights the underlying causes, including neurological differences, neurochemical imbalances, genetics, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative diseases, that contribute to the impairment of executive functions.