Abstract

Epigenetics, the study of heritable changes in gene expression not caused by alterations in the DNA sequence, offers a promising frontier in diabetes research and treatment. This abstract examines the therapeutic potential of epigenetic interventions in diabetes management, highlighting how epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA regulation, influence metabolic pathways and insulin resistance. Emerging evidence suggests that targeting these epigenetic mechanisms could lead to innovative therapies that address both Type-1 and Type-2 diabetes at a molecular level, potentially correcting dysregulated gene expression and improving glucose homeostasis. The review explores current research on epigenetic biomarkers and drugs, their role in disease pathogenesis, and the implications for personalized medicine. Despite the promising outlook, challenges such as the need for precise biomarker identification, safety concerns regarding epigenetic drugs, and the complexity of gene-environment interactions must be addressed. Future research should focus on overcoming these barriers to unlock the full therapeutic potential of epigenetics in diabetes, aiming for more effective and individualized treatment strategies.