Abstract

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) represents an intermediate stage between normal age-related cognitive decline and more severe cognitive impairments associated with neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. This condition is characterized by noticeable cognitive deficits that are greater than expected for an individual’s age but do not significantly interfere with daily functioning. The understanding of MCI has evolved over the years, encompassing various subtypes and risk factors. This abstract provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge regarding MCI, exploring its epidemiology, clinical presentation, etiology, diagnostic criteria, and potential interventions. The epidemiological landscape of MCI is complex, with prevalence rates varying across different populations and demographic factors. The clinical presentation involves deficits in memory and other cognitive domains, often serving as a harbinger for more severe cognitive decline. Etiologically, MCI is multifaceted, with contributions from neurodegenerative processes, vascular factors, and other potential risk factors. Advances in neuroimaging and biomarker research have enhanced our ability to detect underlying pathology associated with MCI, facilitating earlier diagnosis and intervention.

The diagnostic criteria for MCI have evolved, incorporating not only cognitive assessments but also considering biomarkers indicative of neurodegenerative processes. Timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for implementing interventions aimed at slowing cognitive decline and improving overall quality of life. Additionally, the identification of modifiable risk factors offers opportunities for preventive strategies. This abstract provides a comprehensive overview of Mild Cognitive Impairment, synthesizing current knowledge on epidemiology, clinical presentation, etiology, diagnostic criteria, and interventions. The evolving landscape of MCI research underscores the importance of continued efforts to elucidate its underlying mechanisms and develop effective therapeutic strategies to mitigate cognitive decline in affected individuals.