Abstract

Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) is a term used to describe precancerous changes in the cervix, primarily caused by persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) strains. CIN represents a critical public health concern worldwide, as it is a precursor to invasive cervical cancer, which is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in women. This comprehensive review aims to provide a thorough understanding of CIN, including its etiology, pathogenesis, classification, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, management, and prevention strategies. We also discuss the latest developments in CIN research and the potential impact of vaccination against HPV. Cervical Intra-epithelial Neoplasia (CIN) represents a significant health concern worldwide, primarily affecting women of reproductive age. This condition, characterized by abnormal changes in cervical tissue, is closely associated with persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and is a precursor to cervical cancer. This long abstract explores the key aspects of CIN, including its etiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management. Furthermore, it discusses the evolving strategies for CIN management and highlights the importance of early detection and HPV vaccination programs in reducing the burden of cervical cancer. The paper concludes by emphasizing the critical role of healthcare providers, policymakers, and public awareness campaigns in ensuring the optimal management and prevention of CIN and cervical cancer.