Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a critical threat to global health, undermining the effectiveness of antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents. This resistance emerges from the evolutionary capacity of microorganisms to adapt and survive despite exposure to antimicrobial treatments. Key factors contributing to AMR include the overuse and misuse of antibiotics, inadequate infection control practices, and the slow development of new antimicrobial drugs. Addressing AMR requires a multifaceted approach, including enhanced surveillance to monitor resistance patterns, rapid diagnostic technologies to ensure accurate and timely treatment, and the implementation of robust antibiotic stewardship programs to promote appropriate use. Innovations in drug development, such as the discovery of novel antibiotics and alternative therapies, offer potential solutions to counteract resistance. Public awareness and policy initiatives are also crucial for fostering responsible antibiotic use and supporting ongoing research. By integrating these strategies, it is possible to mitigate the impact of AMR, preserve the efficacy of existing treatments, and ensure effective management of infections in the future.