Abstract

Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis remains a peril to the global tuberculosis control struggle. Ethiopia is one of the high burden countries and tuberculosis remains one of the leading causes of mortality. The prolonged treatment associated with multi-drug resistance tuberculosis and the often-severe adverse effects of second-line anti-tuberculosis agents increases the challenges to achieve treatment completion.
Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the treatment outcomes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis management and its determinants in Boru Meda Hospital.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was employed for this study. All patients enrolled for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis management between December 2012 and 2016 were included in the study. Interim and final outcomes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment were collected from the multidrug-resistant tuberculosis registry. The demographic and clinical characteristics of cases, drug resistance and the treatment regimen, management and outcome were described. Chi-square test was used to calculate association factors with a successful treatment outcome.
Result: Totally, 141 patients were included for the study from December 18, 2012–June 7, 2016. Women were slightly greater than men patients, 53.2%. The mean age of the study participants was 30.87 years. Majority of the patients, 84.4%, had favorable interim treatment out come at the end of six month. Totally, 61.1% patients were cured, 24.4% of them died, 8.9% were defaulted, 3.3% have completed, and 2.2% failed. Patients in the age group of ≤ 18 years and 19-29 years, and patients having a negative culture result by six month were associated with successful treatment outcome.
Conclusion and recommendation: The cure rate was about 60% and significant number of patients were died (24.4%). Strategies to reduce defaulters are crucial in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. The current results indicate that special attention should be paid to older patients.

Keywords: MDR-TB; Treatment outcome; Boru meda hospital