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Research Article

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder in the HIV Population: A Safe, Effective Noninvasive Promising Treatment as Compared to Conventional Antidepressant Therapy

Saeed Ahmed1*, Mariyah Hussain2, Hooria Manzoor3, Venkatesh Sreeram4, Sara Dar5, Sharmeen Amin6, Rizwan Ahmed7, Mustafa Qureshi8, Satneet Singh9, Archana Rao Adikey10, Swati Sood11, Muhammad Taha Farooq12 and Tazeen Azfar13

1Nassau University Medical Center, USA

2Foundation University Medical College, Pakistan

3Saint Vincent’s Medical Center Transplant Research Institute, California

4Yale University PET Center, Connecticut

5FMH College of Medicine and Dentistry

6Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Pakistan

7Liaquat Medical and Dentistry College, Pakistan

8Brookdale University Hospital, NY, USA

9Tver State Academy, Russia

10King County Hospital, NY, USA

11Dr.Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, India

12Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA

13Baqai Medical University, Pakistan

Corresponding Author:
Saeed Ahmed, MD
Nassau University Medical Center, USA
Tel: 93298445854
E-mail: ahmedsaeedmd@gmail.com

Received date: August 25, 2015; Accepted date: September 14, 2015; Published date: September 20, 2015

Citation: Ahmed S, Hussain M, Manzoor H, Sreeram V, Dar S, et al. (2015) Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder in the HIV Population: A Safe, Effective Noninvasive Promising Treatment as Compared to Conventional Antidepressant Therapy. J Addict Res Ther 6:241. doi:10.4172/2155-6105.1000241

Copyright: © 2015 Ahmed S, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in the HIV-positive population. For long periods of time, MDD has been treated with conventional antidepressant therapy in these patients. Novel Antidepressant Therapy for Major Depression in HIV-infected adults is associated with various side effects such as sleep disturbance, nervousness, insomnia, weight loss, and sexual dysfunction that could lead to non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy. To uphold compliance and prevent patients from serious adverse effects of antidepressant therapy; emerging noninvasive innovative transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) could serve as a better alternative. tDCS has shown promising results; it is an effective, safe therapeutic strategy with an immediate onset of action as compared to conventional SSRI therapy. The application of tDCS is an easy one and the device for conducting this treatment modality is highly portable. Along with its convenient application, subjects who have been treated with tDCS in study settings, found it tolerable with minimum discomfort and without developing chronic and profound adverse effects. The role of transcranial direct current stimulation therapy is not limited to addressing solely the depressive component in the MDD population; however, it could be critical in assisting these patients by combating their co-morbidities of alcoholism and substance abuse by decreasing their cravings. Furthermore, tDCS has proven itself in improving the cognition in this patient population. This paper will further review this innovative treatment option and will also suggest tDCS to be studied in larger clinical trials as it could serve a huge role in developing better understanding of patient experiences regarding its tolerability, safety, and efficacy. Similarly, it will also provide important evidence to clinicians for the development of better practices in this area.

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