Abstract

End-stage heart and respiratory failure can now be treated with heart and lung transplants. The International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT)’s Registry states that heart and lung transplant recipients’ survival and quality of life have improved as a result of numerous recent advancements. In the Russian Federation, the Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs is a leader in solid organ transplantation. The highest risk factors for primary graft dysfunction and mortality in the first year following heart and lung transplantation are post-transplant complications like acute graft rejection and nosocomial infections. One of the primary drivers of these inconveniences is insusceptible problems related with deficiency or overabundance of immunosuppressive treatment. The early detection of signs of pathological conditions in transplant is actively being developed using minimally invasive laboratory technologies. However, the multifactorial nature of complications prevents noninvasive diagnosis from being resolved quickly. With this, the quest for new biomarkers of join harm with demonstrated viability which can decrease the recurrence of obtrusive indicative intercessions is very applicable. Recently, biological agents that can be used as indicators of the risk of adverse events associated with processes that lead to graft injury and dysfunction have been the subject of research. It is common knowledge that non-coding microRNAs, which are regulatory molecules with a length of 18 to 25 nucleotides, play a role in the regulation of gene expression, metabolic disorders, autoimmune diseases, and carcinogenesis. In addition to contributing to inflammatory processes in the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, circulating microRNAs (miR) may be useful for diagnosis and target therapy of post-transplant complications.

Cardiovascular hypoxia, post-ischemic cardiac remodeling, and right ventricular hypertrophy and respiratory pulmonary arterial hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy pathology are both influenced physiologically by MiR-424. Additionally, miR-424 has the potential to suppress immune function and is involved in the regulation of monocyte and macrophage differentiation. The point of the review was to decide the symptomatic worth of circling miR-424 as a potential biomarker of post-relocates confusions in heart and lung relocate beneficiaries.