Abstract

The benefits of stem cell therapy and research are undeniable given how frequently they are used to treat demyelinating illnesses and neurodegenerative diseases. Prior to transplantation or disease modelling research, stem cells are induced into several cell lineages, both adult and progenitor - belonging to each germ layer - in cell replacement treatment. The nervous system contains a large number of glial cells, including oligodendrocytes, which can remyelinate axons that have lost or damaged myelin sheaths as well as myelinate newly formed neurons. Yet, myelin breakdown and regeneration are drastically outpaced by demyelinating illnesses. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been stimulated to transdifferentiate in order to make up for this loss, examine the abnormalities in remyelination pathways, and accelerate full recovery in such individuals.