Abstract

Orphaned and abandoned oil and gas wells represent a significant, yet often overlooked, source of methane emissions, a potent greenhouse gas. This article explores the intricate relationship between two key factors, subsurface origins, and well structure, and their impact on methane discharges from these neglected wells. Subsurface origins encompass geological formations, fault lines, and reservoir characteristics that influence methane migration pathways, while well structure encompasses construction techniques, materials, and maintenance practices affecting long-term stability. The intersection of geology and engineering further complicates the dynamics, particularly in geologically complex regions. Challenges in monitoring and mitigation arise from remote locations, limited accessibility, and fragmented ownership. Despite these hurdles, innovations in methane detection and remediation offer promising solutions. Collaborative efforts involving governments, industry stakeholders, and environmental groups are crucial to addressing this silent yet significant contributor to methane emissions and advancing towards a more sustainable energy future.