Abstract

Congenital Cardiac Malformations (CCMs) are the most common type of birth defect, affecting approximately 1 in 100 live births. These malformations can vary significantly in complexity and clinical presentation, leading to a spectrum of outcomes for affected individuals. This article reviews the prevalence, classification, diagnosis, and management of congenital cardiac malformations, highlighting advances in prenatal screening and surgical techniques that have improved patient outcomes. We also discuss the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing these conditions to ensure optimal care and quality of life for patients and their families.