Abstract

Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, with ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun being a major environmental risk factor. The increasing incidence of skin cancer highlights the importance of preventive measures, particularly sun protection. This review explores the role of sun protection in reducing the risk of skin cancer, focusing on the efficacy of various sun safety strategies such as sunscreen use, protective clothing, shade, and behavioral modifications. Sunscreen, with its ability to block or absorb UV radiation, remains one of the most effective tools in preventing skin damage and cancer. However, its proper application, broad-spectrum protection, and reapplication throughout the day are critical for maximum efficacy. Protective clothing, including hats, sunglasses, and UV-protective garments, provides an additional layer of defense. Additionally, avoiding prolonged sun exposure during peak UV hours and seeking shade are essential preventive behaviors. Public health initiatives promoting sun protection awareness and behavior change, particularly in high-risk populations, have shown promise in reducing skin cancer rates. Despite these preventive measures, challenges remain in ensuring widespread adoption and adherence to sun safety guidelines. Continued education and research into novel sun protection strategies, as well as the impact of genetic and environmental factors, will be crucial for further reducing the burden of skin cancer globally.