Abstract

Heart transplantation remains the definitive treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure who are unresponsive to other therapeutic options. Despite the success of heart transplantation, challenges such as organ shortage, transplant rejection, and long-term graft dysfunction persist. Over the past decade, stem cell-based therapies have emerged as promising adjuncts to traditional treatments, with the potential to enhance heart regeneration, improve graft survival, and reduce the need for lifelong immunosuppression. This article explores the role of stem cells in heart transplantation, including their potential to repair heart tissue, improve post-transplant recovery, and modulate immune responses. We review the various types of stem cells, their mechanisms of action, and current clinical trials aimed at improving heart transplant outcomes.