Abstract

Seismology, the scientific study of earthquakes and the propagation of elastic waves through the Earth, plays a pivotal role in the development and implementation of early earthquake warning systems (EEWS). These systems are crucial for mitigating the impacts of earthquakes by providing advanced alerts that can save lives and reduce economic losses. This comprehensive review explores the principles of seismology underpinning EEWS, evaluates the technologies and methodologies used, and assesses the effectiveness and challenges of current systems. It also looks at future advancements and the integration of new technologies to enhance the reliability and accuracy of early warnings.