Abstract

Rice farming, a critical component of global food security, faces numerous challenges, including soil degradation, water scarcity, and climate change. Integrating rice-fish farming systems offers a sustainable approach to addressing these challenges while improving productivity, enhancing biodiversity, and promoting ecological balance. This paper explores the role of rice-fish farming as a sustainable agricultural practice, focusing on its environmental, economic, and social benefits. By combining the cultivation of rice with fish aquaculture, rice-fish farming systems enhance soil fertility, reduce the need for chemical inputs, improve water management, and increase farm income through diverse products. Furthermore, the integration of aquaculture provides farmers with an additional source of protein, contributing to improved food security. This paper discusses the mechanisms, advantages, and challenges of rice-fish farming and highlights its potential as a model for sustainable agriculture in the face of a changing climate.