Abstract

Effective climate change mitigation requires robust policy frameworks and international agreements to address the multifaceted challenges of global warming. This review article explores the pivotal role that policy and international agreements play in mitigating climate change impacts. It examines key international accords such as the Paris Agreement and the Kyoto Protocol, assessing their influence on global climate action and their role in setting emission reduction targets and fostering international cooperation. The article also reviews national policies, including carbon pricing mechanisms, renewable energy incentives, and energy efficiency standards, highlighting their effectiveness and implementation challenges. Additionally, the review addresses the importance of equitable and inclusive approaches to policy-making and the need for technological innovation to support climate goals. By synthesizing current research and case studies, the article provides a comprehensive overview of how policy and international agreements contribute to climate change mitigation and offers recommendations for enhancing their impact in the face of ongoing and future challenges.