Abstract

Limb-sparing surgery (LSS) plays a crucial role in the management of extremity soft tissue tumors (ESTTs), offering the potential for oncological control while preserving limb function and minimizing morbidity. Soft tissue sarcomas (STS), though rare, are the most common malignant tumors of the soft tissues and frequently occur in the extremities. Traditionally, amputation was considered the standard approach for managing these tumors; however, advances in surgical techniques, reconstruction, and multidisciplinary care have led to a shift towards limb-sparing strategies, particularly in cases of localized disease. This paper explores the role of LSS in reducing morbidity associated with ESTTs, focusing on oncological outcomes, functional recovery, and quality of life. The ability to remove the tumor while preserving as much healthy tissue as possible is critical in maintaining the limb’s structural integrity and function. Reconstruction techniques, such as free tissue transfer, endoprosthetic replacement, and vascularized grafts, are often employed to restore the appearance and function of the affected limb. Multidisciplinary collaboration between oncologists, orthopedic surgeons, plastic surgeons, and rehabilitation specialists is essential to ensure optimal outcomes for patients undergoing LSS. The paper also reviews the challenges faced in LSS, including the risk of local recurrence, the complexities of reconstructive surgery, and the potential for long-term functional limitations. Additionally, it discusses the impact of LSS on psychosocial well-being, with a focus on patient satisfaction, psychological adjustment, and quality of life post-surgery.