Abstract

The escalating urgency to mitigate climate change has underscored the critical need for innovative technologies and strategies to achieve net-zero emissions. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) has emerged as a pivotal technology in this endeavor, offering a means to significantly reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from industrial sources and power generation. This paper explores the role of CCS in the global transition to net-zero emissions, examining its technological advancements, economic feasibility, and integration with existing and emerging energy systems. We provide a comprehensive review of the current state of CCS technologies, including post-combustion, pre-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion capture methods, as well as the various geological storage options. Furthermore, the paper discusses the potential of CCS in complementing renewable energy sources, enhancing energy security, and supporting a circular carbon economy. Through case studies and model scenarios, we assess the effectiveness of CCS in reducing CO2 emissions, highlighting successful implementations and identifying challenges such as high costs, regulatory hurdles, and public acceptance. Finally, we propose policy recommendations and strategic frameworks to accelerate the deployment of CCS, emphasizing the need for robust international cooperation, financial incentives, and technological innovation. By elucidating the multifaceted role of CCS, this paper aims to demonstrate its indispensability in achieving a sustainable, low-carbon future and meeting global climate targets.