Abstract

Immunological and allergic disorders in children are a growing concern worldwide, affecting millions and contributing to chronic health issues. These disorders, which include conditions such as asthma, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, and autoimmune diseases, are influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and immunological factors. This article explores the mechanisms underlying these conditions, focusing on the role of the immune system in allergic responses and autoimmunity. It discusses the latest findings on diagnostic approaches, treatment options, and emerging research in pediatric immunology. Special attention is given to how early intervention can improve long-term health outcomes.