Abstract

In this review propolis was studied for mitigation of methane emission based on its origin. Propolis is a natural resinous substance collected by honeybees from different plant parts such as buds, branches, leaves, and exudates.It is a multifunctional material used by bees in the construction and maintenance of their hives. Use of propolis by humans has a long history, predated only by the discovery of honey. Use of products containing propolis has resulted in extensive dermal contact and it is now increasingly being used a dietary supplement. Propolis is a known source of polyphenols and the flavonoids which contributes to rumen fermentations. Propolis stimulates the rumen microorganism for the consumption of hydrogen by changing in total VFA. Recently, studies on the effects of propolis on animal husbandry and animal health have increased due to many issues, such as organic animal breeding, feeding or treatment methods, reducing the use of antibiotics. One of these areas is the use of propolis to improve the growth performance and productivity of the livestock. Propolis has been determined to have antibacterial and antiviral effects in humans and animals.