Abstract

This article delves into the complex mechanisms underlying joint pain, examining both inflammatory and noninflammatory causes. It outlines the biological processes involved, such as the role of nociceptors, inflammatory mediators, and synovial fluid in pain perception. The article explores common conditions causing joint pain, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout. It also reviews current management strategies, focusing on both pharmacological treatments like NSAIDs, corticosteroids, and disease-modifying drugs, and non-pharmacological approaches such as physical therapy, joint injections, and lifestyle modifications. Furthermore, the article highlights emerging therapies, including biologics, stem cell treatments, and regenerative medicine. By addressing both current and future trends in treatment, the article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of joint pain management.