Abstract

The impact of outdoor environments, particularly blue spaces such as oceans, rivers, and lakes, on human health has garnered increasing attention in recent years. This comprehensive review examines the specific effects of blue spaces on the health and well-being of the elderly population. Drawing from a wide range of interdisciplinary literature, including studies in environmental psychology, public health, and gerontology, this paper synthesizes current research findings on the physiological, psychological, and social benefits of outdoor blue spaces for older adults. Physiologically, exposure to blue spaces has been linked to reduced stress levels, improved cardiovascular health, and enhanced immune function among the elderly.