Abstract

Background: Canine leishmaniasis is endemic in Spain and should be included in the differential diagnosis of
almost all sick dogs in endemic areas.
Clincial summary: This report describes an atypical case of systemic lupus erythematosus-like (SLE-like) condition in
an 8-year-old male mixed-breed dog due to Leishmania infection. All clinical signs and clinical-pathological alterations
remitted with anti-leishmania treatment, except for skin lesions that required subsequent immunosuppressive
therapy for complete resolution.
Conclusions and clinical importance: This is the first documented case of a SLE-like condition in a dog with
leishmaniosis to the best of the author´s knowledge.

Keywords: Canine leishmaniosis; Ulcerative dermatitis; Systemic lupus erythematosus; Humoral immune response;Interface dermatitis; Immunosuppressive therapy