Abstract

Soil erosion and sediment problem is becoming severe due to the effect of land degradation, soil fertility and agricultural production. It is one of the serious environmental problems. Thus, the investigation of soil erosion and sediment analysis risk is very crucial. The present study aims to estimate the potential soil erosion in Tawa Reservoir of Madhya Pradesh using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model by integrating with Remote Sensing and GIS technology. The study area constitutes different types of soil like sandy_clay_loam, Loam & Clay and is embedded with the sandy-clay-loam. RUSLE model is used to calculate rainfall erosivity (R), Soil erodibilty (K), and topographic factor (LS), cover management(C) and support practice (P). The sediment analysis input are taken from NASA Power Data and processed in ArcGIS and ArcSWAT software. It is found that the values of above parameters are ranging from 5022.6 to 5798.73 (R), 0.1135 to 0.1403 (K), 0 to 385.033 (LS), 0.083 to 0.858 (C) and 0.20 to 0.89 (P) respectively and used for calculating soil erosion. The actual and potential soil erosion estimated in the Tawa Reservoir is 8, 28,505 (ty-) and 2, 31,283 (ty-). An updated LULC map of the study area is prepared using Sentinel-2 10 m resolution having features like water bodies, agricultural land, barren land, built up land and forest. The output of both the map i.e. actual and potential is classified into 5 categories. The effect of the drainage density has also shown the soil loss by overlaying the drainage density map on the soil erosion. After the calculation of discharge and sediment the graph is plotted between the year and rainfall, year and discharge, sediment and rainfall and finally in between the sediment and discharge.