Abstract

Single-cell pharmacology has emerged as a transformative approach in pharmacological research, aiming to elucidate the heterogeneous responses of individual cells to therapeutic interventions. Traditional pharmacological studies often overlook the variability in cellular behaviors within tissues, which can significantly impact drug efficacy and toxicity. By leveraging advanced technologies such as single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), high-content imaging, and single-cell metabolomics, single-cell pharmacology offers unprecedented insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying drug response diversity.

This abstract discusses the methodological advancements driving single-cell pharmacology and their applications in personalized medicine. It highlights how single-cell analyses enable the identification of cellular subpopulations with distinct drug sensitivity profiles, particularly in oncology and neurology. By characterizing intratumoral heterogeneity and neuronal diversity, single-cell pharmacology facilitates the development of tailored therapeutic strategies that optimize treatment outcomes while minimizing adverse effects.

Challenges in translating single-cell findings into clinical practice, including cost, data complexity, and standardization of methodologies, are also addressed. Future directions focus on integrating multi-omics approaches to comprehensively map cellular landscapes, advancing computational tools for data analysis, and fostering collaborative efforts across disciplines.