Abstract

Single-cell genomics represents a transformative advancement in molecular biology, enabling researchers to dissect the genetic heterogeneity of individual cells. This review article explores the evolution, methodologies, and applications of single-cell genomics, highlighting its impact on understanding cellular diversity, disease mechanisms, and therapeutic development. We provide a comprehensive overview of key technologies, including single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), single-cell DNA sequencing (scDNA-seq), and emerging approaches such as multi-omics integration. The article concludes with a discussion of current challenges and future directions in the field.