Journal of Gastrointestinal & Digestive System
Open Access

Research Article

Significance and Outlook of Preoperative Serum Interleukin-1β and Interleukin-6 as Prognostic Factors in Esophageal Cancer

Department of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

*Corresponding Author:

Yuka Hattori
Department of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery
Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
E-mail: hattoriyukamail@yahoo.co.jp

Received date: September 16, 2017; Accepted date: September 28, 2017; Published date: October 05, 2017

Citation: Hattori Y, Tomita N, Yoshino K, Kajiyama Y (2017) Significance and Outlook of Preoperative Serum Interleukin-1β and Interleukin-6 as Prognostic Factors in Esophageal Cancer. J Gastroint Dig Syst 7: 531. doi: 10.4172/2161-069X.1000531

Copyright: © 2017 Hattori Y, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Objective: We evaluated various cytokines in patients with esophageal cancers to elucidate the relationship between the Th1/Th2 balance and the patients’ prognosis.

Materials and Methods: Various serum cytokines of preoperative 98 patients, who subsequently underwent radical esophagectomy between September 2005 and December 2006, were quantitatively measured by Cytometric Bead Array (CBA) system. The cytokines include Th1/Th2 balance related 14 cytokines-IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-17A, INFγ and IgE. Multivariable analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazard model. The survival rates based on CRP values were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Eight clinical pathological factors of the tumors, which are regarded as relevant prognostic factors: diameter, histological type, invasion type, vascular invasion, venous invasion, depth of the invation (T factor), regional lymph nodal status (N factor) and intramural metastasis (IM) and the 14 cytokines were evaluated by the multivariable analysis.

Results: The multivariable analysis showed that T factors (p=0.001), N factors (p=0.002), IL-1β (p=0.003) and IL-6 (p=0.021) were significantly related to the worse prognosis. The two cytokines are known as inflammatory cytokines and they theoretically induce the production of acute inflammatory proteins, including C-reactive protein (CRP). We hereby evaluated the preoperative serum CRP values of the same patients. By means of ROC analysis (Youden index), the cut off value of the serum CRP was determined as 0.25 mg/dl and the survival rates were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The high CRP group (CRP ≥ 0.25 mg/dl) showed significantly poorer prognosis than low CRP group (<0.25 mg/dl) (p=0.027; Log-rank test).

Conclusion: Out study showed that the inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and IL-6, are significant prognostic factors of the patients with esophageal cancers and the Th1/Th2 balance in the patients of poorer prognosis may be shifted toward Th2-dominant side.

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