Abstract

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is a powerful analytical technique widely employed for the separation and quantification of complex mixtures in various fields, including pharmaceuticals, environmental analysis, and biochemistry. Utilizing a liquid mobile phase and a highly efficient, fine-particle stationary phase, HPLC achieves superior resolution and sensitivity compared to traditional liquid chromatography. This abstract provides a concise overview of HPLC, emphasizing its fundamental principles, key features such as sub-2 micron particles and Ultra- High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC), and its broad applications in modern analytical chemistry. HPLC’s ability to deliver accurate and high-throughput separations makes it an indispensable tool for researchers and analysts in diverse scientific disciplines.