Abstract

Aquaponics, the integration of aquaculture and hydroponics, relies on a harmonious balance between fish and plant components to achieve sustainable and productive systems. Selecting the optimal fish species for aquaponics is crucial for maximizing system efficiency, ensuring healthy plant growth, and maintaining overall system stability. This study explores the criteria for choosing suitable fish species in aquaponics systems, evaluating factors such as growth rates, nutrient production, water quality requirements, and compatibility with plant species. By reviewing recent research and case studies, the paper identifies several fish species that demonstrate significant benefits in aquaponics, including tilapia, trout, and catfish. The findings highlight the importance of matching fish species to specific system conditions and goals, providing insights into how different species impact nutrient cycling and plant health. The study also addresses challenges and considerations, such as temperature tolerance, disease resistance, and feed requirements. By understanding these factors, aquaponics practitioners can make informed decisions to enhance system performance and achieve sustainable agricultural outcomes.