Abstract

Sedimentary rocks serve as vital records of Earth's geological history, encapsulating stories of past environments, climates, and life forms over millions of years. This article explores the formation and classification of sedimentary rocks, including clastic, chemical, and organic types, and their significance in reconstructing Earth’s past. By examining the processes of weathering, erosion, transportation, deposition, and lithification, we reveal how sedimentary layers provide insights into ancient ecosystems, climate conditions, and tectonic movements. Fossils preserved within these strata offer crucial evidence of biological evolution and mass extinction events. Furthermore, sedimentary rocks serve practical purposes in natural resource exploration and geological hazard assessment. Through the study of these geological narratives, we enhance our understanding of Earth’s dynamic history and the complex interplay between geological and biological systems.