Abstract

Pulmonary edema is a critical manifestation of heart disease, characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the lungs due to altered fluid dynamics and increased vascular permeability. While the primary pathology involves cardiac dysfunction, recent research highlights the pivotal role of neurohormonal activation in exacerbating pulmonary edema. This review explores the mechanisms through which neurohormones contribute to pulmonary edema in heart disease, focusing on the activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted therapies to mitigate pulmonary edema and improve outcomes in patients with heart disease.