Abstract

Multi-drug resistance (MDR) remains a significant challenge in cancer treatment, limiting the efficacy of chemotherapy and contributing to treatment failure. Nanotechnology offers promising solutions to overcome MDR by delivering therapeutic agents selectively to tumor cells, bypassing efflux mechanisms, and enhancing drug accumulation. This article reviews the role of nanotechnology in addressing MDR mechanisms, discussing nanoparticle-based strategies for improving drug delivery, reversing resistance, and enhancing therapeutic outcomes in cancer therapy.