Abstract

Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a revolutionary approach in cancer treatment by leveraging the immune system’s inherent capability to target and eliminate cancer cells. Among the key players in this field, cytokines play a crucial role in orchestrating immune responses against tumors. This review explores the recent advances in understanding the role of cytokines in cancer immunotherapy and their clinical applications. Cytokines such as interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferons (IFNs), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) are discussed in terms of their mechanisms of action, recent therapeutic developments, and integration into combination therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T cell therapy. The abstract highlights the potential of cytokine-based immunotherapies to enhance anti-tumor immune responses and improve patient outcomes in various cancer types.