Abstract

The respiratory system is a marvel of biological engineering, orchestrating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide that sustains life. This article delves into the intricate field of respiratory physiology, illuminating the mechanisms behind this fundamental process. It explores the anatomy of respiration, from the initial filtration of air in the nose and mouth to the gas exchange in the alveoli of the lungs. The mechanics of breathing, driven by the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, are dissected, shedding light on the dynamic interplay that enables us to inhale and exhale. Gas exchange and its regulation in the pulmonary circulation are discussed, emphasizing the vital role of oxygen transport by hemoglobin and the elimination of carbon dioxide.

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