Journal of Respiratory Medicine
Open Access

Respiratory Pathogens Inflammation and Virulence

Shuofeng Yuan^*

Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong

Received Date: Apr 18, 2023 / Published Date: May 18, 2023

Citation: Yuan S (2023) Respiratory Pathogens Inflammation and Virulence. JRespir Med 5: 161.

Copyright: © 2023 Yuan S. This is an open-access article distributed under theterms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author andsource are credited.

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Changes in bacterial phenotype associated with virulence were observed following exposure to e-cig vapour. In some cases the observed phenotypic changes were less than those observed with cigarette smoke-exposed bacteria.However, in general, there was little difference in the effect on exposure of bacteria to cigarette smoke or e-cig vapour,with exposure to either resulting in increased virulence and inflammatory potential of the bacterial isolates.